Mahila Sashaktikaran
महिला सशक्तिकरण क्या है ? महिलाओ को सशक्त बनाने में शिक्षा की क्या भूमिका है?
महिला सशक्तिकरण :- स्वतंत्रता के बाद से ही भारत में समानता पर आधारित समाज व्यवस्था की स्थापना का प्रयास किये जा रहे है | और इसके लिए समाज में दलित वर्ग ,पिछड़े वर्ग ,तथा महिलाओ को विशेष सुविधाएँ प्रदान की जा रही हैं | और इसी कारण पिछले दशकों महिला सशक्तिकरण की दिशा में महत्वपूर्ण कदम उठाये जा रहे हैं |
महिला सशक्तिकरण का अर्थ :- सशक्तिकरण का अर्थ है “शक्ति से युक्त बनाना “| समाज सशक्त उसे बनाया जाता है जो निर्बल हो, पर यह प्रश्न उठता है की क्या महिलाये निर्बल है और यह सत्य नहीं है | हमारा इतिहास इसका साक्षी है की हमारे समाज में महिलाये हर क्षेत्र में अपना विशेष योगदान को दिया है | इसलिए इन्हें निर्बल नहीं नहीं कहा जा सकता है | स्तिथियाँ उन्हें भुला दिया कि वे भी पुरुष से काम नहीं हैं उनमे परिवार ही नहीं बल्कि राष्ट्र निर्माण की भी एक अद्भुत क्षमता होती है |
अतः महिला सशक्तिकरण का अभिप्राय है- “महिलाओ को उनकी क्षमताओ का अहसास करना तथा उन्हें उनके विकास के लिए पर्याप्त अवसर प्रदान करना ”
महिला सशक्तिकरण की आवश्यकता एव उसका महत्त्व :- महिला सशक्तिकरण निम्नलिखित करने से आवश्यक है —
- अपने अधिकारों के प्रति जागरूक रहने लिए :- हमारा सविधान सभी एक सामान देता है और महिलाओ को भी पुरुषो की ही सामान अधिकार प्रदान करता है। और इसी कारन ही महिला सशक्तिकरण का उदेश्य है की महिलाओ को उनकी आधिकारो के प्रति जागरूक करना और उनके खिलाप उनको सचेत करना ताकि उनपर हो रहे अन्याय के खिलाफ उठा सके।
2.राष्ट्रीय विकास के लिए :- किसी भी राष्ट्र के विकास के लिए आवश्यक है की वंहा के सभी नागरिको का विकास सबसे पहले विकास करना। मानवीय संसाधन राष्ट्रीय विकास में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाता है और इसमें महिलाये भी एक महत्वपूर्ण अंग है क्योकि महिलाये भी महत्वपूर्ण मानवीय संसाधन है। और इन्हे हैं सशक्त बनाकर ही अपने राष्ट्र के विकास की कल्पन कर सकते है.
- मानवधिकारों के प्रति जागरूकता पैदा करने के लिए :- विश्व में मानवधिकारों की घोषणा संयुक्त राष्ट्र द्वारा की गई थी और मानव होने के नाते सभी को ये अधिकार प्राप्त है चाहे वह महिला हो या पुरुष हो। महिलाओ को सशक्त बनाना इसलिए भी जरुरी है की वे इन आधिकारो का सही से लाभ उठा सके और किसीके उस अधिकार की अवहेलना करने पर उसके खिलाफ आवाज उठा सके।
- समाजवाद में सफलता के लिए:- स्वतंत्रता के बाद भारत को समानता पर आधारित समाजवादी व्यवस्था के रूप में विकसित करने का लक्ष्य है। और यह लक्ष्य महिलाओ को सशक्तिकरण के बाद ही प्राप्त हो सकते हैं।
इन बिन्दुओ के आधार पर यह स्पस्ट हो जाता है की बिना महिलाओ के सशक्तिकरण के हमारा देश (राष्ट्र) विकसित नहीं बन सकता। महिलाओ में आपार क्षमताये निहित होती है और इसी कारन आज महिलाये हर क्षेत्र में अपना योगदान दिए हैं और इसी कारन आज दुनिया की सबसे ऊंची चोटी एवरेस्ट लेकर अंतरिक्ष अन्य प्रसाशनिक सेवाओं तथा वो हर मुकाम में अपना प्रचम लहरा रहा है जंहा पर पुरुष की पहुंच हैं। यदि सभी महिलाओ को उनकी क्षमताओं का विकास करा दिया जाय तो वो सशक्त बनकर हमारे विकसित राष्ट्र में महत्वपूर्ण योदान होगा।
Mahila Sashaktikaran
महिलाओ में शिक्षा का योगदान–
महिला सशक्तिकरण की आवश्यकता व इसके मार्ग की बढ़ावा को दूर करने में शिक्षा की अमहत्वपूर्ण भूमिका होती है| महिलाओ की स्तिथि को सुधारने के लिए उन्हें शिक्षित करना बहुत आवश्यक है| बालक- बालिकाओ के प्रारंभिक विकास में माताओ के अतुल्य योगदान को देखते हुए कहा जा सकता है शिक्षित समाज व विकसनोमुख राष्ट्र के निर्माण हेतु महिलाओ का शिक्षित होना आवश्यक है। प्रधानमंत्री जगजीवन राम ने एक अखिल भारतीय गोष्टी में कहा हैं – “एक कन्या को पढ़ा देने से आगे आने आने वाली सुरक्षित होगी क्योकि बालक की प्राम्भिक पाठशाला घर है। और माता उसकी| ” नेपोलियन ने कहा है – मुझे शिक्षित मताये दो, में सुरक्षित राष्ट्र निर्माण कर दूंग।” अंग्रेजी का एक कहावत है की – ” जो हाथ पालने को झूलता है वह हाथ संसार का भी शासन कर सकती है| ”
Mahila Sashaktikaran
शिक्षित महिलाये ही अपने आधिकारो को जान समझकर अपने विविद कर्तव्यों का सम्पक तरीके से निर्वहन कर सकती है। शिक्षा के आभाव के कारन महिलाये प्राया अपने आधिकारो व कर्तव्यों के प्रति उदासीन रहती है। यदि उनको इनकी जानकारी मिल भी जाती है तो सरकारी मशीनरी के असहयोग तथा समाज के नकरात्मक दृष्टिकोण केकारण उनकी व्यवहारिक रूप सेउपभोग नहीं कर पति है| इस दृष्टि महिला महिला सशक्तिकरण के जान-आंदोलन को यार्थता रूप देने के कार्य में शिक्षा की महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका है| और इस उदेश्य हेतु महिला साक्षरता में वृद्धि , लड़कियों की प्राथमिक शिक्षा का सार्वजनीकरण , कन्या शिक्षा को विशेष प्रोत्साहन देना आदि जैसे उपाय करने की आवश्यकता है| इन कुछ माध्यमों के द्वारा से महिलाओ के सशक्त होने में मदद मिलेगी।
Mahila Sashaktikaran
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